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(No Model!) I. KITSEE.

TBLEGRAPHY.

1% 572,639. Pa,tented-De0. 8, 1896.

OZQQQQ Inventor.

23550 3 .233 3 azaozu W itnesses.

m: Monms anus coy. PNOTCMJTMQ. WASHINGTON, o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI I ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TELEG RAPHY.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 572,639, dated December 8,1896. Application filed February 20, 1896. Serial No. 580,051. (No model.)

pulses are induced or rapidly recurring or alternating.

- Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram of a telegraphic system embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section of the coils I preferably employ as sending instruments,

one of the primaries of said coils being partially drawn out.

In Fig. 1,A and A are two stations, each being equipped with similar instruments, similar parts of the station A being designated by similar letters as station, A, with the exception that such parts are also designated by the numeral 1. B is a vacuumtube to be used as a receiver, which vacuumtube can be displaced by the condenser O. T is the sending instrument, consisting of the two primary coils G and g, which primaries are locally connected through the bindingposts e and f, with the interposition of the key M, to the source of current, (not shown,) which source of current should be a rapidly recurring or alternating one. In the circuit of the coil G is inserted a rheostat H. Around the coil g is Wound a coil F, which is connected in series to the line-wire. D represents a tertiary coil which completely surrounds the coils G 9 when they are inserted to their ,full extent. The receiving instrument or instruments are included in closed circuit with this tertiary coil. I have also illustrated in this figure in dotted lines one of the sending and receiving instruments now in use, for the purpose of demonstrating that my invention may be used either alone or in conjunction with the usual electromagnetic receiving devices, it being obvious that other instruments or sets of instruments or other necessary appliances may be added or substituted for the one illustrated.

I will first describe the modus operandi for sending messages.

. of electricity.

At the sending-station the operator connects coil 9 through his sending-key with the source With the aid of this key he sends through the primary eoil g currents of electricity. These impulses in g, which are recurring or alternating, induce impulses in F corresponding in time to the time of the flow of impulses in g. It will be understood that the operator in closing and opening the key once does not send a single impulse only through g, but a series of such impulses, the flow time of which corresponds with the closing time of the key, a dot with its short closing time sending impulses through 9 for a shorter period than a dash with its longer closing time. As far, therefore, as the operator is concerned he has to manipulate the key as if the current-flow were straight and not an interrupted or alternating one. These recurring or alternating impulses in g induce alternating impulses in F. These impulses travel over the line-wire or cable and through the coil F, inserted in the line atthe receiving-station. WVe therefore have as a result of the sending of a message traveling over the line rapidly-alternating impulses of such short duration that the other sending or receiving instruments, depending, as they do, on the movement of the armature of an electromagnetic device, cannot respond and remain practically unaffected by the flow of these impulses. As around each of the coils Fsending as well as receiving stationthe tertiary coil D is wound, it follows that the alternating impulses traveling through F will induce alternating impulses in D, and as the coils are wound to the necessary high potential the generated tertiary impulses .will, if the terminals of the coil are connected to a vacuum-tube or device similar in its action, produce in said tube or similar device a glow corresponding in time to the time of the electric impulses generated through induction-shorter glow time for dot and longer glow time for dashand if the terminals are connected to a condenser then the impulses will produce in the same for each one transmitted sign one continuous whistling sound, a longer one for a dash, a shorter one for a (lot.

I have so'far not taken into consideration the office and function of the primary coil G, and if this system is used only as a simplex one then the addition of this coil is not necessary, but, as set forth above, the object of this my invention is to contraplex such method of telegraphy, and the first conditions to be fulfilled in practically carrying out the method of simultaneous transmission in opposite directions are, first, that the receiving instrument at the home station shall re main entirely unaffected by the movements of thetransmitting-key at that station, while at the same time it shall remain free to respond to the currents transmitted by the key at the distant station; second, if this induced system shall be used in conjunction with the usual receiving and sen ding instruments, which are liable to be opened just at the time; of transmission with induced currents, that the; same currents, shall always be pro;- vided with an uninterrupted passage. to the ground, at. the home station aswell as at the distant station. is the, oflirce and function of the primary coil G. This coil is so wound or connected to the source of current that the rapidly recurring or alternatingimpulses flrorvin g through it are capable of inducing in the tertiary coilDimpulses of opposite direction from the impulses induced, therein through the action of the secouda-ry coil F.

In the drawings one: terminal of the primary coil, 9 is connected to-theabinding-post f, the other terminal being connected to the binding-post e. To these binding-posts are also connected in multiple arc the terminals of the; primary coil G, and as". the bindingposts; 8 and f connectwith. the source of electricity through the key M: it. follows that the manipulation of key M will at one and the same time transmit. the impulsesgenerated the; source? of electricity through both the coils: G and g and the current will divide, all other conditionsbeing equai in reverse proportion tothe. resistance of said coils.

The; necessary adjustment of the: inducing influence of coil G on coil D can be accomplished, first, through the manipulation of the rheos-tat Hi, through the action of which more? or less resistance can be thrown into the circuitof G, or, second, the coil can he p'artial ly'withdrawn from the inner space'of the-coil" In practice it is of the utmost importance that the inductive influence of both coils G and-1g, the latter through the intervention of F, on, the coil D should be equal, in calculating the" inductive influence of the sending-coiiz the resistance of thelline-wire as well as lQGBlVlDgCOil has to-becincluded, but with the double method"ofequalizing,.first,through the insertion of a resistance, and, second, through the partial withdrawalor insertion of the coil itself the adjustment is easily ac* complished.

Supposing now, the adjustment being perfeicted,the operator at station Axis transmitting a. message to the"station:A.. In depressin g his key M he sends a multitude of imducing also impulses in D.

To: fullii the first condition pulses through the coil g, inducing thereby a multitude of impulses in coilF, which multitude of impulses will induce tertiary impulses in D and Will flow over the line into the secondary F of the distant station, in-

Ordinarily the receiving instruments of both the coils D and D would answer, but as the depression of the key M at the station A also sends simultaneously with the sending of the impulses through gimpulses starting at the same time and at the same frequency through G, and as the inducing influence of such impulses isopposite from the inducing influence flowing through coilF, it follows that both the influence of F and G on D are neutralized, and

that therefore the receiving instrument B or C, as the; case may be, will not respond. If now at the same time thatthe key M is depressed at the station A the key M at, the station A is depressed or closed, one of two electrical conditions arises, towit: First, if the transmitted inrpu l ses are flowing in 019'- posi-te direction, then they will oppose each other and will therefore nu l l-ify their respective influences on boththe coils-D and D, and

both of these coils therefore will be free torespond, the coil D to the inductive influence of the coit G and the coil. D" to the inductive influence of the coil G"; second, if the simultan eously-transmitted impulses are: flowing in the same direction, then their combined influence upon the home coil well as the coil at. the distant station will be greater than the influence exerted in these: coi-l'sthrough the coil G or G, and they are again free to respond.

The provi-sorofan uninterrupted passage for the induced current, is fu l ti ll ed by shun-ting the key'and instrument of such usual devices through a condenser, and in the drawings this condenser is designated bytheletter K and the instrument by the letter L.

It is obviousthat the proportions of the coils as an entirety or the proportions of the separate coils as" to eachother has to be determined in conjunction with the line in which they are to be placed and the service they should render.

In Fig. 2, g. and G are the two partsof the primary coil, respectively, F" the secondary coil, connected to line, and D" the tertiary coil, connectedlocall y to the receiving instrument. This clearly illustratesone method of equalizing the influence of the-coils G and g on the coil D. If this systemshould not be used. in conjunction with the usual sending and receiving devices, then the intervention of thesecond coil F is not necessary, as the coil 9 with the key'M and the source of cursystem of telegra'phy, I call the described method the multipulse system. Wherever,

therefore, I use in this specification or the claims following this specification the word multipulse in connection with telegraphic system I wish to be understood as meaning a system in which rapidly recurring or alternating impulses of electrical currents are used.

I am aware that it is not broadly new with me to so balance the inductive influence of induced currents,when used in a system of multiple telegraphy, that no effect is produced therefrom upon the home instrument, while said home receiving instruments will respond to the inductive effect of similar induced currents transmitted from a distant station, and

y I make no claim hereinafter broad enough to include such a method of transmitting telegraphic signals or a means for practicing such method, my broadest claims being directed to a method of duplex transmissionwhich involves the use of tertiary currents for affecting the home or receiving instruments.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A method of inductively transmitting telegraphic signals between two telegraphic stations joined by a singleline-wire or cable which consists in set-ting up or establishing at one station two sets of rapidly-recurring primary currentimpulses, the secondary inductive eifect of which is nullified upon the home receiving instruments, while the secondary current impulses transmitted to the distant station are caused to set up or establish tertiary current impulses which act upon receiving instruments located at that station.

2. A method of simultaneously transmitting in opposite directions two sets of telegraphic signals over a single 1ine-wire joining two stations, which consists in nullifying the secondary effects of two sets of rapidlyrecurring primary current impulses established or set up at each transmitting-station upon the home receiving instruments, and in setting up or establishing over the line rapidly recurring secondary current effects, which in turn are caused to set up or establish at the distant stations rapidly-recurring tertiary efiects upon receiving instruments located at said stations.

3. In a system of telegraphy means for generating at independent stations rapidly-recurring electrical impulses; means at each of said stations for transmitting the impulses at will; additional means in the nature of independent induction-coils adapted to divide the transmitted currents into two paths; secondary induction-coils one at each station and both included in the main line; a tertiary coil at each station located in inductive relation to the aforesaid coils, in combination with a receiving instrument or instruments at each station included in circuit with the tertiary coil, substantially as described.

4. In a system of telegraphy means at independent stations for generating rapidly-recurring electrical impulses; signal-transmitting mechanism in circuit with said generating means; an induction system at each station comprising two primary coils connected in multiple with the current-generatin g mechanism, and a secondary coil at each station connected in circuit with a line-wire joining the stations, in combination with a tertiary coil at each station which surrounds all of the before-mentioned coils and includes in its circuit a signal-receiving instrument or instruments.

5. A system of telegraphy embracing a source of current supply at each station; a line-wire joining said stations; signal-transmitting devices in circuit with each source of current supply; two induction-coils at each station connected in multiple with a source of current supply; a secondary induction-coil at each station located in the inductive field of one of the aforesaid coils, in combination with a tertiary coil at each station which surrounds or incloses all of the before-mentioned coils and includes in its circuit a receiving instrument or instruments; the several coils at each station'bein g provided with means for adjusting them in such manner that the home instruments will not be affected when the home key is actuated and will respond only for currents transmitted from the distant station, all substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I sign my name, this 17th day of February, 1896, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses:

WALLACE B. ELDRIDGE, GEO. M. OosrELLo. 

